Tuesday, January 1, 2013

January 1, 1944; REVIEW OF THE WORLD



3rd Parries Thrusts;
Bombers Hammer
Arteries to. Salient
With the Germans in the Ardennes bulge digging in for a defensive and
attempting to build up strength for a possible second lunge into the Allied
lines, the war in the air assumed evei; added significance yesterday as some
Eighth Air Force heavies struck against bridges over the, Rhine and Moselle
Rivers, which form a triangle where they meet behind the Belgian-Luxemburg
battle zone.


Every Nazi
In Budapest
Faces Death
An all-out Soviet offensive to annihilate the Nazi garrison inside Budapest— by complete destruction of the Hungarian capital if necessary—was reported underway last night following
German rejection of a Russian surrender ultimatum by what Moscow termed "premeditated murder."



The Highlight Came in June
Review of the World
By the Month in 1944
JANUARY—Red army crosses old Polish border . . . U.S. suicide rate declines
. . . Allied air fleets blacken German skies . . . Tommies and GIs move forward in Italy . . . 
West coast motorists drain gas stations dry . . . Greater military
tonnage moves over the " Hump " than ever did over Burma Road . . . Fourth
war loan drive . . . " Winnie " returns to London from Middle East . . . Novgorod
captured by Reds . . . Gustav line hammered by Fifth Army . . . Bidu Sayao cites
Brazilian woman's mission in life: " To be beautiful and kind, to make music, to
make life pfeasant for man " . . . Army-Navy report : 5,200 Americans died in
Philippines of starvation and torture.
FEBRUARY—The $2,315,000,000 second war-time tax bill goes to the White
House . . . Ukrainians encircle Nazis at Kiev . . . Tedder, pip>smoking Sent,
made air chief marshal—second in command to Eisenhower . . . Kwajalein
Island captured by U.S. troops . . . Tax bill vetoed by Roosevelt.
MARCH—Nimitz picks up another atoll . . . Americans fight in Asia for
first time in this war, rolling up 25 to 1 score against Japanese in Burma
. . . Kherson captured by Russians . . . Irvin S. Cobb dies in New York
at 67 ... Hendrik Willem van Loon dies at 62 ... Joseph C. Lincoln dies at 74
." . . All three literary deaths within a week . . . Red army reaches Dniester . . .
Rumania entered by First Ukrainian army . . . Eire refuses U.S. request to oust
German and Japanese diplomats. '
APRIL—Japanese advance deeper into India . . . American Navy shells Palau,
gateway to the Philippines . . . More than 60,000 German deserters reported
at large in Berlin . . . Wendell Willkie loses Wisconsin primary; withdraws
from contest for Presidential nomination . . . Moscow claims more than 500,000
Axis troops killed or captured in less than two months on lower Russian front . . .
William Cardinal O'Connell, archbishop of Boston, dies . . . Russians roll over
Crimean steppe in drive on Sebastopol . . . Constellation, largest land plane; sets
new transcontinental speed record, six hours, 58 minutes.
MAY— Everyone has pre-invasion jitters . . . Allied air forces concentrate
on targets in cross-channel defense system . . . Sebistopol falls to the
Russians . . . " Pensive " wins the Preakness at Pimlico . . . Lillian Smith's
" Strange Fruit" barred from mails and then reinstated " at the publisher's risk "
. . . Invasion portents : Allies break Gustav line and lunge toward Rome; RAF and
AAF pass 30th straight day of attacks on European targets. For first time in
25 years there'll be no Communist Presidential nominee. . . . Cassino falls.
JUNE—D-Day—June 6—two days after the fall of Rome . . . The invasion's
along 100-mile coast of Seine Bay, between Cherbourg and1 Le "Havre . . . Vast
landings covered by 11,000 planes . . . Thousands upon thousands of troops in
4,000 ships, several, thousand smaller craft . . . 60,000 to 90,000 airborne troop; help
make beachheads secure . . . Fifth war loan drive for S16 billion starts . . . Rudolf
Hess sued for divorce by Frau Hess, charging: " desertion and insanity " . . .
Buzz bombs appear over England; Hitler's " secret weapon " travels 330 miles an hour
. . . Task Force 58 prowls Pacific. Dewey Republican nominee for president. 
JULY—Americans free entire Cherbourg peninsula . . . Nazis sent reeling on
300-rnile front in Russia . . . MacArthur seizes airdrome $00 miles from
Philippines . . . International monetary conference opens at Bretton Woods
. . . Dewey opens campaign . . . deGaulle has " comforting talks " with Roosevelt
in Washington . . . Russia strengthens family life; makes divorce more difficult,
grants financial aid to large families . . . " Big Top " fire in Hartford, Conn., takes
more than 150 lives . . . 2,752 killed, 8,000 injured in first four weeks of robot bombing
.-. . Russians keep up ten-mile-a-day rampage toward the Reich . . . Brig. Gen.
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. keeps a rendezvous with death in France . . . Democratic
convention : FDR's nomination was inevitable. Sen. Harry Trunfan wins hot race
for second place on the ticket . . . Guam invaded . . . Attempt made on Hitler's
life by an explosive; Berlin announces three killed, would-be assassin identified
. . . Jap Premier Tojo falls. . . Americans break through Nazi line in Normandy.
AUGUST—Russians enter East Prussia . . . Stars and Stripes raised again on
Guam . . . Manuel Quezon, exiled Philippine president, dies . . . Eight
German, army officers hanged for plotting to kill Hitler . . . Second invasion of
France, from Marseilles to Cannes and Nice . . . More than 225,000 Axis prisoners
of war in U.S. camps . . . President returns from Hawaiian conference with Mac
Arthur, Nimitz, Halsey . . . U-boats sunk exceed U-boat victims . . . Representatives
of United Nations meet at Dumbarton Oaks to plan lasting peace. Florence
occupied by Eighth Army.
SEPTEMBER—Allies in Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg . . . Sen. George
^ W. Norris, champion of popular rights, dies ; . . Red Army in Bucharest . .
Russia declares war on Bulgaria, calls it off four days later when Bulgaria joins
Allies . . . Germany invaded (Sept. 11) . . . Russia's war with Finland ends . . .
Roosevelt and Churchill confer in Quebec—their eighth meeting of the war . . . United
Nations Relief and Rehabilitation conference in Montreal . . . Hurricane hits
Eastern Teaboard . . . Of 9,000 German defenders of Praga only one in 20 is taken
alive . . . U.S. bans American ships from Argentine ports . . . First lady of the
turf, Mrs. Payne Whitney, dies at 68 ... Attorney-General Biddle rules CIO
Political Action Committee violates no election laws . . . Roosevelt: " I shall not
campaign—in the usual sense ". . . Brereton's airborne landings at Arnhem isolated
. . . Few escape . . . Manila's puppet regime declares war on U.S.
OCTOBER—Calais falls . . . Al Smith dies in Manhattan , . . Army Air
Transport Command" establishes direct air service between New York and
Paris . . . Reds advance across Jugoslavia . . . British take Greece . . .
Wendell Willkie dies from overtaxed heart. . . Nazis cave before massive Red assault
in Lithuania . . . In Toronto, divorces are granted in appeals of Rows vs. Rows
and Loveless vs. Loveless . . . Corinth falls to Greeks and British . . . Riga falls '
. . . St. Louis Cardinals beat Browns in home-town world series . . •„ Cuba's new
president, Dr. Ramon Grau San Martin . . . Reds and Tito partisans smash into
Belgrade . . .MacArthur retisrns to the Philippines, with, the invasion of Leyte
. . . Aachen falls to Americans on seventh day of siege . . . U.S., Great Brjtain,
Russia, China recognize defiiaulle government . . . Churchill-Stalin conference
on peace problems . . . Russians invade Norway . . . Japanese lose 58 ships in clash
with U.S. fleets-off Philippines. Berlin announces death in France of Erwin Rommel.
NOVEMBER—Political harvest time: Campaigners on both sides are bitter,
heated . . . V2 rockets hit England . . . Gen. Stilwell, recalled, reaches
Washington; no statements . . . Roosevelt re-elected; carries 36 states with
432 electoral votes; Dewey 12 with 99 ... Solid South vote unneeded for Democrats
to win for the fifth time since the Civil War . . . .Democratic sweep increases party's
majority in Congress . . . Sixth war loan drive for $14,000,000,000 . . . RAF sinks
Tirpitz . . . Eisenhower: " More supplies are needed"... Cigarette shortage
. . . RFrench army reaches Rhine . . . William Temple becomes first Archbishop of
Canterbury to be cremated . . . Dead : Dr. Alexis Carrel, French surgeon, scientific
philosopher . . . Metz falls ; . . Spectator at jitterbug session in Stockholm: " I
assume they get married afterwards." . •. . Allies step up assaulta on western front
. . m. Superfortresses bomb Tokyo . . . Left-right quarrels break out in Belgium and
Greece . . . International aviation conference in Chicago . . . Secretary of State
Cordell Hull resigns because of Hlness; Roosevelt names Edward R. Stettinius Jr.
DECEMBER—Allies hammer at German defenses . . . Advance slowly at
terrific ^cost . . . Reconversion halted to speed arms output . . . Lady Astor,
" Eve " of Commons, to retire after quarter-century . . . Yanks fight way
across the Saar , . . B29s to Tokyo again .-. . Army pigskins Navy (23 to 7) at
Baltimore . . . Wed.: Col. Elliott Roosevelt, Faye Emerson, movie actress—his
third, her second .... State Dept. reorganization . . . FTC joins in the search for
cigarettes . . . British tanks fire on Greek Leftists . . . Russians; lash at Budapest. . .
Earthquake shakes Japan, Radio Tokyo admits; seismologists throughout world
record quake as one of greatest . . . Churchill wins vote of confidence on Greek
policy . . . Americans win Ormoc, the foe's Leyte port . . . Sixth war loan of 14
billion over-subscribed .. . . 3,500 U.S. planes blast German targets in record day
Churchill backs Russian claim to slice of Poland ; U.S. approves, if Poles agree. .
…New Franco-Russian alliance reached by deGaulle and Stalin at Moscow.
…Yanks invade Mindoro: German counter-offensive breaks through in Belgium   
and Luxemburg; military strategists reckon winter blow delayed war's end perhaps 
six months. . . Churchill in Athens to settle Greek crisis.






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